Usually the main considerations when choosing a substitute carburetor are:
1. It fits in the available space.
2. Its mounting flange is easily adaptable to fit the cylinder head.
3. It isn't difficult to couple it to the governor/speed control.
4. It is easy to arrange a reliable air cleaner for it, that will fit into the space.
5. It is common enough so parts and full replacements are easily available.
In most cases there is little or no need for calibration, as long as you aren't trying to fit a multicylinder carburetor to a single cylinder engine, or a two stroke carburetor to a four stroke engine - but there are exceptions of course.
The 220 Volt sockets on your generator suit a US 220 Volt plug, the 220 Volt, 60 Hertz electricity it supplies is quite near enough to suit our 240 Volt appliances. The engine probably runs at 3,600 rpm to give 60 Hz power, where we run the engines at 3,000 rpm to give 50 Hz power, but for simple outdoor work this is not usually an issue.
To find out what is causing the problem, you might begin with your short adapter lead, inspecting it carefully. Test the drill itself in a normal 240 Volt 50 Hz wall outlet and see if it works properly. If the drill is OK, and you can't find a fault in the adapter lead visually, it will have to be tested with a resistance meter, wiggling it around to see if it is shorted some or all of the time - it probably is.
I'm sorry I can't give you detailed instructions on sorting out the wiring, but frankly, unless you and everyone else who might read this are electricians or have considerable experience with 240 Volt wiring and understand the rules, someone might get hurt. That generator is easily capable of electrocuting you.
