All the motor is basically is the old Ryobi plt motor. this video gives a general idea of how it should be set out
Effectively, that white plastic bit and the spring fit in the middle of the starter pulley.
Can you pull off the spring and white plastic bit off the motor and take some photos to see if it has melted and caused failure, or if a spring failure has caused this.
For now, do not remove the starter pulley - the spring will probably shoot out.
Annoying and sometimes difficult to refit but shouldn't damage it if it does happen - damage usually occurs by throwing the starter across the room in anger haha